注射用鼠神经生长因子对急性脑梗死患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶和一氧化氮合酶活性的影响

目的 探讨注射用鼠神经生长因子（NGF）对急性脑梗死患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性的影响。方法 选择2015年3月—2017年7月住院治疗的急性脑梗死患者92例,随机分为常规组（n=46）和mNGF组（n=46）。常规组按常规方法给予抗血小板聚集、降颅压、降脂稳定斑块、控制血压血糖、抗感染、维持水电平衡等,根据患者个体情况应用脱水剂及加强营养;mNGF组在常规治疗基础上加用鼠NGF肌肉注射治疗,30 μg/次,1次/d,共治疗28 d。对比两组治疗后总有效率,观察并比较两组治疗前后NIHSS评分、Barthel指数及血清NSE、一氧化氮（NO）、NOS水平。结果 mNGF组治疗后总有效率（89.13%）明显高于常规组（67.39%）,两组治疗后总有效率比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与治疗前比较,两组治疗28 d后NIHSS评分明显下降（P<0.05）、Barthel指数明显增高,同组治疗前后比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;但mNGF组变化程度大于常规组,组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗前NSE、NO及NOS水平无统计学差异;两组治疗14 d、28 d后NSE、NO及NOS水平明显下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;但mNGF组下降幅度明显大于常规组,组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 注射用鼠NGF治疗能有效降低急性脑梗死患者血清NSE和NOS活性,从而发挥对缺血脑损伤的保护作用,促进神经功能的恢复。     

Neuroprotective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease is mediated by a reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by deterioration of the nigrostriatal system and associated with chronic neuroinflammation. Glial activation has been associated with regulating the survival of dopaminergic neurons and is thought to contribute to PD through the release of proinflammatory and neurotoxic factors, such as reactive nitric oxide (NO) that triggers or exacerbates neurodegeneration in PD. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exert protective effects, including antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant activity, and may be promising for delaying or preventing PD by attenuating neuroinflammation and preserving dopaminergic neurons. The present study investigated the effects of fish oil supplementation that was rich in PUFAs on dopaminergic neuron loss, the density of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-immunoreactive cells, and microglia and astrocyte reactivity in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and striatal dopaminergic fibers.

Methods: The animals were supplemented with fish oil for 50 days and subjected to unilateral intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced lesions as a model of PD.

Results: Fish oil mitigated the loss of SNpc neurons and nerve terminals in the striatum that was caused by 6-OHDA. This protective effect was associated with reductions of the density of iNOS-immunoreactive cells and microglia and astrocyte reactivity.

Discussion: These results suggest that the antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties of fish oil supplementation are closely related to a decrease in dopaminergic damage that is caused by the 6-OHDA model of PD.     

银杏蜜环口服溶液作用p38 MAPK调节eNOS/NO信号途径保护人脐静脉内皮细胞缺氧复氧损伤

目的:评估银杏蜜环口服溶液对缺氧复氧损伤人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)的保护作用;从p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)及内皮型一氧化氮合酶(e NOS)/一氧化氮(NO)信号途径探讨银杏蜜环口服溶液保护受损HUVECs的药效机制。方法:缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖法建立体外HUVECs缺血再灌注损伤模型。分为正常组、模型组、银杏蜜环口服溶液高质量浓度组(75 mg·L-1,简称银蜜高),低质量浓度组(36 mg·L-1,简称银蜜低),p38 MAPK抑制剂SB203580组,银蜜高+SB203580组,e NOS抑制剂亚硝基左旋精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME)组,银蜜高+L-NAME组。细胞增殖-毒性检测试剂盒(CCK-8)及微量酶标法检测细胞活力及细胞损伤;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测磷酸化p38 MAPK(p-p38 MAPK)/p38 MAPK和磷酸化e NOS(p-e NOS)/e NOS蛋白表达;酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(s ICAM-1),半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)含量;硝酸盐还原酶法检测NO含量。结果:银蜜高、银蜜低组可显著提高缺氧复氧损伤HUVECs活力、降低细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出量(P0.05,P0.01);抑制受损细胞p38的磷酸化(P0.05),降低细胞培养上清中TNF-α,s ICAM-1含量(P0.05,P0.01)。在给予银蜜高或(和)SB203580后,受抑制的e NOS磷酸化表达水平显著升高(P0.05);银蜜高可显著提高受损细胞NO含量,在加入e NOS抑制剂L-NAME后,银蜜高可拮抗L-NAME降低细胞NO生成和升高Caspase-3的作用(P0.05)。结论:银杏蜜环口服溶液可提高氧复氧损伤HUVEs活力,具有抗炎、调节内皮系统、抑制细胞凋亡的作用,机制与其作用于p38 MAPK进而调节e NOS-NO信号途径相关。     

稀土氧化物着色钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷与饰面瓷匹配性的研究

目的:探讨通过添加稀土氧化物着色剂而制备的钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷与饰面瓷的匹配性。方法:以稀土氧化物(Pr6O11,CeO2,Er2O3)和过渡元素氧化物(MnO2)为着色剂,采用粉体掺杂方法,在四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷粉体中添加不同质量分数的着色剂,制备出6组钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷,测定其与Vita VM9饰面瓷的抗热震性能及界面结合强度。采用SAS6.12软件包对数据进行单因素方差分析。结果:6组钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷与Vita-VM9饰面瓷烧结后,各组在60℃～240℃测试过程未发现径向或层间开裂或裂纹现象,加热温度>240℃。6组钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷与VitaVM9饰面瓷界面的抗剪切强度值为(36.03±3.82)～(37.98±4.89)MPa,均高于纯四方氧化锆陶瓷组的剪切强度值,但各组与纯四方氧化锆陶瓷的抗剪切强度值无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:稀土氧化物着色钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷与饰面瓷的匹配性达到临床应用水平。     

VEGF和NOS在口腔鳞癌组织中的表达

目的:研究口腔鳞癌组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)的表达与癌细胞增殖的相关性。方法：应用免疫组化方法检测64例口腔鳞癌手术切除标本VEGF、iNOS、eNOS和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的分布及表达。结果：①39例(60.94％)口腔鳞癌组织表达VEGF，42例(65.63％)表达iNOS；45例(70.31％)表达eNOS；②VEGF与iNOS的表达具有明显相关性，VEGF与eNOS的表达无明显相关性；③表达VEGF的口腔鳞癌PCNA标记指数(PLI)明显高于不表达VEGF的口腔鳞癌；表达iNOS的口腔鳞癌PLI明显高于不表达iNOS的口腔鳞癌。表达eNOS的口腔鳞癌PLI与不表达eNOS的口腔鳞癌无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。结论：①VEGF与iNOS的表达具有明显相关性，说明iNOS在VEGF的生成和发挥作用过程中起重要作用；②PLI随着VEGF和iNOS表达的增加而增加；提示二者对口腔鳞癌细胞增殖具有促进作用。     

纳米氧化铝陶瓷对成骨细胞功能代谢影响的研究

目的 :比较纳米氧化铝 (nAl2 O3 )和常规氧化铝 (cAl2 O3 )对成骨细胞功能代谢方面影响。方法 :采用压制成型和无压烧结工艺制备nAl2 O3 和cAl2 O3 的块体材料 ,将体外原代分离培养成骨细胞分别接种于nAl2 O3 和cAl2 O3 的表面 ,分别在 7、14、2 1、2 8d时检测细胞内总蛋白、ALP活性及细胞基质钙含量。结果 :所制备的nAl2 O3 和cAl2 O3 的平均粒径分别为 60nm和 1.80 μm。 14、2 1和 2 8d时 ,nAl2 O3 表面附着的成骨细胞ALP活性和细胞基质钙含量均高于cAl2 O3 。结论 :与相应的cAl2 O3 比较 ,nAl2 O3 更能增强成骨细胞的功能及代谢活动     

健康成人刺激性全唾液流速及一氧化氮含量的增龄性变化

目的:研究不同年龄阶段健康成人的刺激性全唾液流速及唾液一氧化氮含量的变化。方法:将97例健康成人分成4个年龄组,分别为青龄组(20~39岁)、中龄组(40~59岁)、老龄组(60~79岁)、长寿组(80岁以上)。在上午8:00~10:00空腹,以2.5ml/L洗必太漱口,以20ml/L柠檬酸刺激舌背前1/3,以双蒸水漱口后采集全唾液5min,记录样本容量,并计算其流速。用硝酸还原酶法检测唾液中NO浓度,并计算其唾液中NO的单位时间含量。结果:(1)青龄组刺激性全唾液流速高于中龄组、老龄组、长寿组(P<0.05);中龄组、老龄组、长寿组之间唾液流速无显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)不同年龄组间两两比较,刺激性全唾液NO浓度无显著性差异(P>0.05);青龄组NO单位时间含量显著高于中龄组、老龄组和长寿组(P<0.05),中龄组、老龄组、长寿组之间的NO单位时间含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:(1)中老年人群的刺激性全唾液流速显著低于青年人群;(2)随年龄增长,健康成人刺激性全唾液中的NO浓度未发生明显变化,但其单位时间含量呈降低趋势。     

Effect of using RNA interference to alter iNOS gene expression on the proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca8113

This study used RNA interference (RNAi) to explore the effect of NO and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on apoptosis and proliferation in the tongue squamous carcinoma cell line Tca8113. Tca8113 cells were transfected with the plasmid pGenesil-1, which expresses iNOS short hairpin RNA (shRNA), or the negative control plasmid pSilencer-HK, and the transfected cells were compared with untransfected cells. The expression of iNOS was detected by histochemistry, and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of iNOS was significantly lower in the pSilencer-iNOS group than in the pSilencer-HK and empty control groups. The apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the pSilencer-iNOS group than in the pSilencer-HK and empty control groups. Growth monitoring showed that proliferation was also inhibited in cells transfected with pSilencer-iNOS. RNAi gene silencing decreased iNOS gene expression, induced apoptosis, and suppressed proliferation in Tca8113 cells.     

Activation and hydrogen absorption in thermally prepared RuO2 and IrO2

A reflection-type electrochemical cell was used to perform electrochemical in situ X-ray diffraction studies of RuO₂ and IrO₂ electrodes. X-ray diffractograms were recorded in situ as a function of the polarization time while the electrodes were poised at ?0.5 V vs SCE in 1 M H₂SO₄ at room temperature. At this potential, strong hydrogen evolution is observed at the surface of the electrodes. In both cases, there is a shift of the X-ray diffraction peaks of the rutile structure towards the lower 2θ angle values with the polarization time, indicating that the volume of the unit cell increases. In the case of RuO₂, the unit cell volume increases from 64.00 to 65.34 ų, which corresponds to a volume increase of ～2%. In comparison, the unit cell volume of IrO₂ increases from 65.56 to 66.00 ų (0.66%). These changes in the structure of the oxides occur on the time scale of a few hours. These modifications are not totally reversible, as the volume of the unit cell of both RuO₂ and IrO₂ stays slightly expanded compared to that of the pristine materials when the electrodes are brought back to open circuit conditions after extensive cathodic polarization. In the case of RuO₂, the expansion of the unit cell occurs almost exclusively along the a–a plane, suggesting that hydrogen is inserted between the O–O atoms in this plane. The significance of these results in the context of the activation process of RuO₂ and IrO₂, that is the propensity of these oxides to become better performing electrode materials when they are cathodically polarized, is discussed.     

Adipokines in dental pulp: Physiological,pathological, and potential therapeutic roles

BackgroundHundreds of adipokines have been identified, and their extensive range of endocrine functions—regulating distant organs such as oral tissues—and local autocrine/paracrine roles have been studied. In dentistry, however, adipokines are poorly known proteins in the dental pulp; few of them have been studied despite their large number. This study reviews recent advances in the investigation of dental-pulp adipokines, with an emphasis on their roles in inflammatory processes and their potential therapeutic applications.HighlightsThe most recently identified adipokines in dental pulp include leptin, adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin, oncostatin, chemerin, and visfatin. They have numerous physiological and pathological functions in the pulp tissue: they are closely related to pulp inflammatory mechanisms and actively participate in cell differentiation, mineralization, angiogenesis, and immune-system modulation.ConclusionAdipokines have potential clinical applications in regenerative endodontics and as biomarkers or targets for the pharmacological management of inflammatory and degenerative processes in dental pulp. A promising direction for the development of new therapies may be the use of agonists/antagonists to modulate the expression of the most studied adipokines.